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Political Control and the Power of the Agent

https://doi.org/10.1093/jleo/ewj011
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Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.

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The teacher unions
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The congressional-bureaucratic system: a principal agent perspective (with applications to the SEC)
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How powerful are public bureaucrats as voters?
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The Political Economy of Public Administration
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Delegating Powers
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Deliberate Discretion?
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Are Government Employees more Likely to Vote?: An Analysis of Turnout in the 1996 U.S. National Election
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The Effects of Ballot Position on Election Outcomes
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Public sector labor relations
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Bureaucratic Discretion or Congressional Control? Regulatory Policymaking by the Federal Trade Commission
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1089/153312902760137578openalex-snapshot
The Incumbency Advantage in U.S. Elections: An Analysis of State and Federal Offices, 1942–2000
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/jleo/15.1.132openalex-snapshot
The presidential power of unilateral action
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/jleo/6.special_issue.1openalex-snapshot
Congressional Influence on Bureaucracy
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Who Controls the Bureaucracy?: Presidential Power, Congressional Dominance, Legal Constraints, and Bureaucratic Autonomy in a Model of Multi-Institutional Policy-Making
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a036930openalex-snapshot
Administrative Procedures as Instruments of Political Control
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a037026openalex-snapshot
Making the Deal Stick: Enforcing the Original Constitutional Structure of Lawmaking in the Modern Regulatory State
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a037082openalex-snapshot
Bureaucrats, Policy Attitudes, and Political Behavior: Extension of the Bureau Voting Model of Government Growth
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Bargaining Laws as a Cause and Consequence of the Growth of Teacher Unionism
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/106591299304600403openalex-snapshot
Organized Labor in the Electorate, 1960-1988
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.12698/cpre.2009.politicaldynamics.kirstbkopenalex-snapshot
The Political Dynamics of American Education
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The Theory of Incentives
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Structure and Process, Politics and Policy: Administrative Arrangements and the Political Control of Agencies
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Presidents and the Politics of Structure
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The Dynamics of Political Control of the Bureaucracy
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2083075openalex-snapshot
Political Control Versus Expertise: Congressional Choices about Administrative Procedures
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2110792openalex-snapshot
Congressional Oversight Overlooked: Police Patrols versus Fire Alarms
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2110997openalex-snapshot
The New Economics of Organization
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2111036openalex-snapshot
Regulatory Performance and Presidential Administration
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2111064openalex-snapshot
A Theory of Political Control and Agency Discretion
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2111068openalex-snapshot
Agency Budgets, Cost Information, and Auditing
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2111178openalex-snapshot
The Legislative Design of Regulatory Structure
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2111225openalex-snapshot
Politicians, Bureaucrats, and Asymmetric Information
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2111239openalex-snapshot
The Effects of Union Organizational and Environmental Characteristics on Union Political Action
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2152586openalex-snapshot
Bureaucratic Dynamics: The Role of Bureaucracy in a Democracy, by Richard W. Waterman and B. Dan Wood
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Union Rule in the Schools.
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The New Unionism in the New Society: Public Sector Unions in the Redistributive State.
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2525147openalex-snapshot
Governments, Parties, and Public Sector Employees.
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2585758openalex-snapshot
A Statistical Model for Multiparty Electoral Data
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/368185openalex-snapshot
Blackboard Unions: The AFT and the NEA, 1900-1980
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/976869openalex-snapshot
In Search of the Machiavellian Milquetoasts: Comparing Attitudes of Bureaucrats and Ordinary People
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.6167291openalex-snapshot
The Budget-Maximizing Bureaucrat
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315093215-28openalex-snapshot
The Political Economy of Public Administration
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315495811-9openalex-snapshot
The Politics of Regulation
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.37-6536openalex-snapshot
Delegating powers: a transaction cost politics approach to policy making under separate powers
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.39-1656openalex-snapshot
American labor unions in the electoral arena
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.41-0598openalex-snapshot
Deliberate discretion?: the institutional foundations of bureaucratic autonomy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.51-5366openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226401775.001.0001openalex-snapshot
The Federal Civil Service System and the Problem of Bureaucracy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226772875.001.0001openalex-snapshot
The Reasoning Voter

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Incoming claims: where this work appears in other papers’ reference lists and arguments.

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The politics of teachers' union endorsements
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The politics of institutional reform: Vulnerability and bureaucratic independence in Southeast Asian agriculture
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UNHCR’s evolving discourse on returning refugee vulnerability in Afghanistan: The law of diminishing returns
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Reversing delegation? Politicization, de‐delegation, and non‐majoritarian institutions
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The Unexpected Actor? Civil‐Military Relations and Regulatory Agency Control in Brazil
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THE PUBLIC/PRIVATE SECTOR CLEAVAGE REVISITED: THE IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYMENT ON POLITICAL ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOUR IN 11 WEST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
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THE STRATEGIC TIMING OF DIRECT DEMOCRACY
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The Effect of Salient Reputational Threats on the Pace of FDA Enforcement
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Piling On: Multilevel Government and the Fiscal Common‐Pool
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Collective Bargaining and The Performance of the Public Schools
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Federalist No. 10: Are Factions the Problem in Creating Democratic Accountability in the Public Interest?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2012.02609.xopenalex-snapshot
Unionization and Work Attitudes: How Union Commitment Influences Public Sector Job Satisfaction
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2009.00347.xopenalex-snapshot
Land Recycling, Community Revitalization, and Distributive Politics: An Analysis of EPA Brownfields Program Support
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12295openalex-snapshot
Political determinants of philanthropic funding for urban schools
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When Are Local Incumbents Held Accountable for Government Performance? Evidence from US School Districts
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12355openalex-snapshot
A symbiosis of civil service and politics in transfers: The case of Pakistan's management cadres
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Potter, Rachel Augustine. Bending the rules: Procedural politicking in the bureaucracy. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. 2019, 244 pages
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An Exploration of How Partisanship Impacts Council‐Manager Systems
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Advocacy groups, policy subsidies, and policy change: The case of teacher evaluations
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/psq.12482openalex-snapshot
Why Do Bureaucrats Make Campaign Contributions to Presidential Candidates?: Evidence from 2004 to 2012
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.12955openalex-snapshot
Are School Reopening Decisions Related to Union Influence?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1142/9789814354820_0017openalex-snapshot
ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING AND COMPLIANCE
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-102131openalex-snapshot
Party and Ideology in American Local Government: An Appraisal
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-070308-120019openalex-snapshot
American Trade Unions and Data Limitations: A New Agenda for Labor Studies
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.environ.020708.100707openalex-snapshot
Connectivity and the Governance of Multilevel Social-Ecological Systems: The Role of Social Capital
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-01903003openalex-snapshot
Keep Friends Close, but Colleagues Closer: Efficiency in the Establishment of Peace Operations
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim290040037openalex-snapshot
Congress' Intersections with the Executive Branch and Public Opinion
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/00076503231164639openalex-snapshot
Bargaining and Nonbargaining Nonmarket Strategies: A General Model and Data From Post-Communist Countries
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/00104140211024291openalex-snapshot
Which Jobs for Which Boys? Party Finance and the Politics of State Job Distribution in Africa
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/001979391106400302openalex-snapshot
Teacher Attitudes about Compensation Reform: Implications for Reform Implementation
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/001979391106400406openalex-snapshot
Teacher Salaries and Teacher Unions: A Spatial Econometric Approach
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0020852312437982openalex-snapshot
The relationship between transparent and participative government: A study of local governments in the United States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0020852315619477openalex-snapshot
Autonomy versus control in procurement and contracting: the use of cost-reimbursement contracts in three US federal departments
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0022057419875125openalex-snapshot
Motivation to Teach in the Current Climate: An Examination of Three School Districts in Transition
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0091026016658030openalex-snapshot
Exploring the Trust Question in the Midst of Public Management Reforms
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0095327x221100270openalex-snapshot
American Civil–Military Relations and Presidential Power of Removal
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0095327x241309097openalex-snapshot
Accountability, Bureaucratic Discretion, and Civil-Military Relations
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0095399710362725openalex-snapshot
The Relationship Between Intervention by Central/Federal or Local Levels of Government and Local Emergency Preparedness Training
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0095399711419096openalex-snapshot
Decentralization
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0095399714548269openalex-snapshot
In the Union Now
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0160323x14568025openalex-snapshot
Underfunding Annual Pension Contributions
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/01614681261494683openalex-snapshot
Who’s Active in School Board Politics? The Participation of Teachers’ Unions and Other Groups
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0275074010392367openalex-snapshot
Blue-Collar Public Servants
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0275074011433814openalex-snapshot
The Transformation of Governance
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0275074012455092openalex-snapshot
The Administrative Broker
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0275074012471890openalex-snapshot
Evaluating Political Signals
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0275074014529840openalex-snapshot
A State-Level Examination of Bureaucratic Policymaking
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0275074015589342openalex-snapshot
The Drivers of Public Sector Pension Reform Across the U.S. States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x12453056openalex-snapshot
Union Commitment and Stakeholder Red Tape
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x221149154openalex-snapshot
Unions, Monitoring, and Deferred Compensation: Evidence From California School Districts
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0895904817741544openalex-snapshot
Extending the Work of Cowen and Fowles: A Historical Analysis of Kentucky Teacher Contracts
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/08959048261430759openalex-snapshot
Funding Futures: The Uneven Geography of Title II-A Education Spending
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/0951629813518126openalex-snapshot
Federal employee unionization and presidential control of the bureaucracy: Estimating and explaining ideological change in executive agencies
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/10323732221122944openalex-snapshot
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act: A giant leap or baby steps to reform?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/105268461402400101openalex-snapshot
School Board Elections: Theories Meet Reality
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/1078087416663004openalex-snapshot
“Outsiders with Deep Pockets”: The Nationalization of Local School Board Elections
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/10780874251371695openalex-snapshot
Age and Homeownership Drive the Local Turnout Gap
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/13691481241267285openalex-snapshot
Policing the police: Why it is so hard to reform police departments in the United States?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/1478210315572675openalex-snapshot
Neo-liberal educational reform and the role of teachers’ unions in the context of private schools in Nepal: Possibility or paralysis?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/152397211301300402openalex-snapshot
Analyzing Electoral Timing and Outcomes through Georgia's Special Purpose Local Option Sales Taxes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/1532440011413079openalex-snapshot
From the Schoolhouse to the Statehouse: Teacher Union Political Activism and U.S. State Education Reform Policy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/1555458918762467openalex-snapshot
On the Other Side of the Table: Lessons Learned From Negotiations
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1177/23328584251349180openalex-snapshot
High Turnover With Low Accountability: Local School Board Elections in 16 States
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20170476openalex-snapshot
Voter Turnout with Peer Punishment
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School Boards and Education Production: Evidence from Randomized Ballot Order
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1257/pol.6.2.338openalex-snapshot
Civil Service Rules and Policy Choices: Evidence from US State Governments
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4800openalex-snapshot
Financial Reform and Public Good Provision: Municipal Bankruptcy Law and the Financing of Hospitals
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1353/pep.2007.0003openalex-snapshot
Class Size and School Size: Taking the Trade-Offs Seriously
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.14201/alh.23061openalex-snapshot
Intereses organizados en las comisiones permanentes de la Cámara de Diputados de Brasil
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.14764/10.aseas-5.2-3openalex-snapshot
Restoring State Control Over Forest Resources Through Administrative Procedures: Evidence From a Community Forestry Programme in Central Java, Indonesia
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1504/ijcg.2011.044379openalex-snapshot
Proxy access and ownership: does institutional investor type matter?
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1561/100.00010070openalex-snapshot
Election Timing and Public Policy
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1561/100.00011056openalex-snapshot
The Election Timing Effect: Evidence from a Policy Intervention in Texas
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Jurisdictional Competition, Market Power, and the Compensation of Public Employees
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-8439openalex-snapshot
Clientelism in the Public Sector: Why Public Service Reforms Fail and What to Do about It
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-8554openalex-snapshot
The Consequences of Political Interference in Bureaucratic Decision Making: Evidence from Nigeria
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1596/26257openalex-snapshot
Clientelism in the Public Sector
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.17192/es2024.0126openalex-snapshot
Window-Dressing and Lobbying in Performance-Budgeting: a Model for the Public Sector
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.18235/0007698openalex-snapshot
La economía política de la capacidad estadística: Una revisión de la literatura
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La economía política de la capacidad estadística: Una aproximación práctica
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Верховенство права як юридичне обличчя держави
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.14.2022.201-211openalex-snapshot
Understanding Sowan as a New Paternalistic Bureaucracy Pattern of Local Officials in Indonesia
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Changing Tracks? The Prospect for California Pension Reform
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