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Understanding individual differences in computational thinking development of primary school students: A three‐wave longitudinal study

https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12940
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What this work says

Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.

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A valid and reliable tool for examining computational thinking skills
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Analysis of Factors Affecting Achievement in Maker Programming Education in the Age of Wireless Communication
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Exploring Issues About Computational Thinking in Higher Education
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Computational Thinking Education in the Asian Pacific Region
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The Development of Academic Self-Efficacy
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Review on teaching and learning of computational thinking through programming: What is next for K-12?
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Analysis of the relation between computational thinking skills and various variables with the structural equation model
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A study of primary school students' interest, collaboration attitude, and programming empowerment in computational thinking education
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.103832openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104425openalex-snapshot
A cognitive definition of computational thinking in primary education
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2022.104457openalex-snapshot
Programming attitudes predict computational thinking: Analysis of differences in gender and programming experience
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2017.09.003openalex-snapshot
Demystifying computational thinking
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Programming experience promotes higher STEM motivation among first-grade girls
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Computing whether she belongs: Stereotypes undermine girls’ interest and sense of belonging in computer science.
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Why are women underrepresented in Computer Science? Gender differences in stereotypes, self-efficacy, values, and interests and predictors of future CS course-taking and grades
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/08993408.2015.1033142openalex-snapshot
Designing for deeper learning in a blended computer science course for middle school students
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Teachers’ Characteristics and Attitudinal Beliefs About Linguistic and Cultural Diversity
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2016.1146561openalex-snapshot
Development, Implementation, and Outcomes of an Equitable Computer Science After-School Program: Findings From Middle-School Students
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/19345747.2019.1644692openalex-snapshot
Aiming Further: Addressing the Need for High-Quality Longitudinal Research in Education
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1109/tale52509.2021.9678852openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12493openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12591openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12819openalex-snapshot
Exploring relationships among students' computational thinking skills, emotions, and cognitive load using simulation games in primary education
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12845openalex-snapshot
Effectiveness of collaboration in developing computational thinking skills: A systematic review of social cognitive factors
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12900openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/1118178.1118215openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3011071openalex-snapshot
COMPUTING IN SCHOOLSComputer science, computational thinking, programming, coding
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/07356331221081753openalex-snapshot
The Competent Computational Thinking Test: Development and Validation of an Unplugged Computational Thinking Test for Upper Primary School
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-020-00269-6openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-017-0080-zopenalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.13140/rg.2.2.28254.79685openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1348/2044-8279.002004openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.14686/buefad.888374openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1504/ijmlo.2016.077867openalex-snapshot
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inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.20897/ejsteme/3868openalex-snapshot
Coding and Computational Thinking in Early Childhood: The Impact of ScratchJr in Europe
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/3509738openalex-snapshot
Beliefs, Attitudes and Values: A Theory of Organization and Change
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x12463051openalex-snapshot
Computational Thinking in K–12
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x211057904openalex-snapshot
A Revaluation of Computational Thinking in K–12 Education: Moving Toward Computational Literacies
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429056765openalex-snapshot
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Incoming claims: where this work appears in other papers’ reference lists and arguments.

inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-025-13763-7openalex-snapshot
Unveiling children’s computational thinking developmental trajectories: profiles and contextual influences in programming education
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-026-14021-0openalex-snapshot
Links between executive functions, metacognition, and computational thinking in adolescence: network and mediation approaches
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-025-10529-3openalex-snapshot
Elementary student coding attitudes survey for Chinese students: scale adaptation and exploration of influencing factors of children’s coding attitudes
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-01588-6openalex-snapshot
Computational thinking across the learning continuum: a systematic review of integration strategies, pedagogical practices, and outcomes in primary, secondary, and higher education
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2025.100260openalex-snapshot
Introducing computational thinking to second and third graders. Programming whole paths outperforms step-by-step navigation in maze tasks
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2025.105264openalex-snapshot
Understanding the gender divide in digital literacy in four European countries: A comprehensive decomposition analysis using unconditional quantile regression
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2026.e45423openalex-snapshot
Characteristics and psychometric properties of computational thinking assessments in children and adolescents: A systematic review
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2025.2511928openalex-snapshot
Boosting motivation: how gamification inspires primary school students to learn coding
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/08993408.2025.2601038openalex-snapshot
Analyzing the predictors of students’ computational thinking through the SOR framework
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2026.2730146openalex-snapshot
A Longitudinal Study of Computational Thinking Development in Early Childhood
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2331877openalex-snapshot
Unlocking the Code: Exploring Predictors of Future Interest in Learning Computer Programming Among Primary School Boys and Girls
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1109/icitri67507.2025.11233029openalex-snapshot
Profiling Computational Thinking in Elementary Students: Foundational Insights Toward Personalized Game-Based Learning
inferred← citeshttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0350124openalex-snapshot
The impact of university students’ computational thinking on AI literacy: A longitudinal study based on SEM-PLS
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