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Identity on the Bench: Gender In-Group Bias in the Judiciary

https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5376892
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Outgoing claims: the papers this work cites, builds on, or argues with.

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Social categorization and intergroup behaviour
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The black sheep effect: Judgmental extremity towards ingroup members in inter‐and intra‐group situations
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Structuring Judicial Discretion in China: Exploring the 2014 Sentencing Guidelines
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(94)90095-7openalex-snapshot
Reputation and judicial decision-making
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In-group gender bias in hiring: Real-world evidence
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“They are all the same”: Low perceived typicality and outgroup disapproval as buffers of intergroup threat in mass media
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2024.103362openalex-snapshot
Are students really biased against female professors? — Experimental evidence from India
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2023.05.002openalex-snapshot
Clash of norms judicial leniency on defendant birthdays
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.12.003openalex-snapshot
Social identity and preferences over redistribution
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.11.006openalex-snapshot
Gender biases in student evaluations of teaching
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000004openalex-snapshot
What You Did Only Matters if You Are One of Us
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1018033108openalex-snapshot
Extraneous factors in judicial decisions
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1800097115openalex-snapshot
Patient–physician gender concordance and increased mortality among female heart attack patients
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2022.2051585openalex-snapshot
What is the Value of Judicial Experience? Exploring Judge Trajectories Using Longitudinal Data
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1086/262033openalex-snapshot
Culture, Information, and Screening Discrimination
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1086/425597openalex-snapshot
Racial and Sex Disparities in Prison Sentences: The Effect of District‐Level Judicial Demographics
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1086/666006openalex-snapshot
Do Judges Vary in Their Treatment of Race?
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1086/675257openalex-snapshot
The Role of Age in Jury Selection and Trial Outcomes
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1086/691276openalex-snapshot
Comparing Apples to Oranges: Differences in Women’s and Men’s Incarceration and Sentencing Outcomes
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1086/693822openalex-snapshot
Judges, Juveniles, and In-Group Bias
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1086/696150openalex-snapshot
When the Shadow Is the Substance: Judge Gender and the Outcomes of Workplace Sex Discrimination Cases
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1086/699210openalex-snapshot
“No Hatred or Malice, Fear or Affection”: Media and Sentencing
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1086/708856openalex-snapshot
Experience of Communal Conflicts and Intergroup Lending
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1086/731740openalex-snapshot
In-Group Favoritism and Peer Effects in Wrongful Acquittals: National Basketball Association Referees as Judges
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195367584.001.0001openalex-snapshot
The Psychology of Judicial Decision Making
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195367584.003.0002openalex-snapshot
2 Multiple Constraint Satisfaction in Judging
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahu010openalex-snapshot
Estimating Gender Disparities in Federal Criminal Cases
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahw006openalex-snapshot
Do Judges’ Characteristics Matter? Ethnicity, Gender, and Partisanship in Texas State Trial Courts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvy046openalex-snapshot
Path Dependency in Jury Decision Making
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199269464.003.0005openalex-snapshot
An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjr022openalex-snapshot
Judicial Ingroup Bias in the Shadow of Terrorism
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjs014openalex-snapshot
The Impact of Jury Race in Criminal Trials
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjy012openalex-snapshot
Racial Bias in Bail Decisions*
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12118openalex-snapshot
Identifying Judicial Empathy: Does Having Daughters Cause Judges to Rule for Women's Issues?
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12187openalex-snapshot
Descriptive Representation and Judicial Outcomes in Multiethnic Societies
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12312openalex-snapshot
Justice reactions to deviant ingroup members: Ingroup identity threat motivates utilitarian punishments
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/ecca.12107openalex-snapshot
Gender Discrimination and Evaluators’ Gender: Evidence from Italian Academia
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/ecca.12333openalex-snapshot
Gender Disparities in Sentencing
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12513openalex-snapshot
Competing Identities: A Field Study of In‐group Bias Among Professional Evaluators
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12562openalex-snapshot
A Jury of Her Peers: The Impact of the First Female Jurors on Criminal Convictions
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937x.2009.00601.xopenalex-snapshot
Can Gender Parity Break the Glass Ceiling? Evidence from a Repeated Randomized Experiment
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2010.00437.xopenalex-snapshot
Untangling the Causal Effects of Sex on Judging
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2006.00383.xopenalex-snapshot
Gender Differences in Criminal Sentencing: Do Effects Vary Across Violent, Property, and Drug Offenses?*
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-1461.2010.01183.xopenalex-snapshot
Let My People Go: Ethnic In‐Group Bias in Judicial Decisions—Evidence from a Randomized Natural Experiment
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1111/lasr.12218openalex-snapshot
Double Whammy: Lay Assessors as Lackeys in Chinese Courts
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1145/3460112.3471943openalex-snapshot
In-group bias in the Indian judiciary: Evidence from 5.5 million criminal cases
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-082019-110313openalex-snapshot
Social Identity and Economic Policy
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1162/003355300554881openalex-snapshot
Economics and Identity*
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1162/qjec.2010.125.4.1859openalex-snapshot
Racial Discrimination Among NBA Referees
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00296openalex-snapshot
Crime, Punishment, and Politics: An Analysis of Political Cycles in Criminal Sentencing
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_01236openalex-snapshot
Patient-Physician Race Concordance, Physician Decisions, and Patient Outcomes
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1177/001979390005400101openalex-snapshot
Incarceration and Racial Inequality in Men's Employment
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/000282805774670446openalex-snapshot
A Teacher Like Me: Does Race, Ethnicity, or Gender Matter?
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/000282806776157579openalex-snapshot
An Alternative Test of Racial Prejudice in Motor Vehicle Searches: Theory and Evidence
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/000282806777212594openalex-snapshot
Group Affiliation and Altruistic Norm Enforcement
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.4.1410openalex-snapshot
Strike Three: Discrimination, Incentives, and Evaluation
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.3.256openalex-snapshot
Race and Gender Differences Under Federal Sentencing Guidelines
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.11.3397openalex-snapshot
A Test of Racial Bias in Capital Sentencing
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.8.2567openalex-snapshot
A Community College Instructor Like Me: Race and Ethnicity Interactions in the Classroom
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151211openalex-snapshot
Does the Gender Composition of Scientific Committees Matter?
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20161503openalex-snapshot
The Effects of Pre-Trial Detention on Conviction, Future Crime, and Employment: Evidence from Randomly Assigned Judges
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20201653openalex-snapshot
Measuring Racial Discrimination in Bail Decisions
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.1.431openalex-snapshot
Group Identity and Social Preferences
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/aeri.20190542openalex-snapshot
Gendered Laws and Women in the Workforce
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/app.20160390openalex-snapshot
Emotional Judges and Unlucky Juveniles
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/app.20170223openalex-snapshot
Temperature and Decisions: Evidence from 207,000 Court Cases
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/app.20180201openalex-snapshot
Gender Homophily in Referral Networks: Consequences for the Medicare Physician Earnings Gap
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20170329openalex-snapshot
Judicial Politics and Sentencing Decisions
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20220802openalex-snapshot
Identity in Court Decision-Making
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01467openalex-snapshot
In-Group Bias in Financial Markets
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.1353/jhr.2009.0024openalex-snapshot
A Professor Like Me: The Influence of Instructor Gender on College Achievement
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1933340openalex-snapshot
A Community College Instructor Like Me: Race and Ethnicity Interactions in the Classroom
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2144002openalex-snapshot
Estimating Gender Disparities in Federal Criminal Cases
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2437859openalex-snapshot
Descriptive Representation and Judicial Outcomes in Multi-Ethnic Societies
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2628176openalex-snapshot
Does the Gender Composition of Scientific Committees Matter?
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2730889openalex-snapshot
A Jury of Her Peers: The Impact of the First Female Jurors on Criminal Convictions
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3203624openalex-snapshot
Clash of Norms: Judicial Leniency on Defendant Birthdays
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3869294openalex-snapshot
Gender In-Group Bias: Evidence from Judicial Decisions
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.2307/2110855openalex-snapshot
Women as Policymakers: The Case of Trial Judges
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.3386/w11264openalex-snapshot
An Alternative Test of Racial Prejudice in Motor Vehicle Searches: Theory and Evidence
inferredcites →https://doi.org/10.3982/ecta22028openalex-snapshot
The Impact of Incarceration on Employment, Earnings, and Tax Filing
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